In order to create or to edit the contents of a unix (ascii) text file, you will need to use a text editing program. Similarly, xterm is provided with Apple's X11.app (see section ), and any other x-windows-based terminal program may also be installed, so a user who requires all the familiar functionality of xterm or its brethren need not compromise. iTerm.app is a free, third-party application that is similar to Terminal.app but has additional functionality, most notably tabbed windows. In addition to the Terminal application that Apple provides with OS X, other options are available. Its icon looks like (surprise) a terminal. app suffix on all applications is hidden from view in the GUI) may be found in the directory /Applications/Utilities. OS X includes an application, Terminal.app, that provides unfettered command-line access to the entire unix underpinnings of the operating system.
The Terminal Application and Alternatives
PROGRAM UNIX ON MAC INSTALL
Fortunately, it is easy to install X11 on OS X, so you can have the best of both worlds. This section gives an overview of the main points.Īpple's native windowing system is not X11.
It may be incredibly cumbersome to do so, but it is almost always possible, an important point to consider when writing shell scripts to automate routine tasks.Īpple has a a filesystem structure rather different from what one finds with canonical unix systems.
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This is an important point, because it entails that any operation carried out in the GUI interface in OS X can, at least in principle (and almost always in practice), be carried out on the unix command line. Fortunately, Apple also provides easy access to the unix command line environment for users who require it.Īpple's OS X operating system does not simply provide access to unix commands. But between these extremes lies the need for command-line access to carry out scientific (and other) computing tasks. It also provides an intuitive, elegant and simplified mechanism for carrying out complex system administrative tasks whose command-line equivalents are often obscure to all but the most seasoned unix veteran. The OS X Aqua GUI interface shields the naive and routine users, who are mainly concerned with running applications such as Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop and so on, from the complexity of the underlying unix operating system.
PROGRAM UNIX ON MAC MAC OS X
The whole of Mac OS X is thus a superset of unix the Aqua graphical user interface (GUI) of OS X provides an aesthetically pleasing and functionally elegant mechanism by which the user can control the computer via the underlying unix operating system using mouse clicks in application windows rather than typing cryptic unix commands. Unlike Cygwin, a unix emulator that can be grafted onto the Microsoft Windows operating system, Darwin is the fundamental core of the Mac OS X operating system. The flavor of unix on Apple computers running Mac OS X is called Darwin, and it is closely related to BSD, from which it has evolved. There are many varieties, or "flavors," of unix, including Irix, Solaris, BSD, GNU/Linux and so on, each of which has its own peculiarities in terms of file system structure and occasionally command syntax, but they all tend to be quite similar and function according to the same principles. Scientific computing is typically carried out on computers equipped with the unix operating system.
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